BIBLICAL CONCEPT: Covenants
1. Vocabulary:
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Berit - To cut, to bind.
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Diatheke - Through an arrangement.
2. Preliminary theological
definitions:
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A legally binding obligation.
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An 'arrangement' made by one
party with plenary power, which
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the other party may accept or
reject, but cannot alter.
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Covenant: The framework of God's
spiritual promises to mankind.
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Covenant: A will enacted by many
commands (O.T.) and
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promises (N.T., Heb. 8:6).
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Covenant: A main promise built
upon many principles.
3. The Covenants:
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Edenic: Obedience in a perfect
environment by innocent man; Gen. 2:16 and Hos. 6:7.
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Adamic: A savior, angelic battle,
cursing and death; Gen. 3:15-21.
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Nohaic: Nondestruction by flood;
Gen. 6:18, 9:9-16 (first use of berit).
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Abrahamic: Nations, land, descendants,
Gen. 12:2; 15:18; 17:1-8; Gal. 3:14 and Lk. 1:72-75.
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Mosaic: A nation of possessed
priests, Ex. 19:5-6.
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Palestinian: Restoration to land
after disobedience, Dt. 29:1 and 30:1-3.
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Davidic: Eternal house, Kingdom,
and throne, 2 Sam. 7:16.
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New: Unconditional spiritual life;
Jere. 1:31-34, Heb.8:6-13, Mt. 26:28, 1 Cor. 11:25 and 2 Cor. 3:6.
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Covenant of Grace or Spirit; 2
Cor. 3:6, Heb. 10:29 cp. the
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Covenant of Freedom in Gal. 4:21-31.
4. Miscellaneous:
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The terms: Old Testament and New
Testament are from berit and diatheke. Compare 2 Cor. 3:14.
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Eternal Covenant: Heb. 13:20;
Jere. 32: 40; 50:5; Ezek. 37:26-28.
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Covenant of Circumcision: Acts
7:8.
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Communion, Cup of New Covenant:
1 Cor. 11:25.
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Perpetual priesthood for Phinehas:
Nu. 25:11-13.
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Stone Tablets of Covenant: Heb.
9:4.
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Ark of Covenant: Heb. 9:14.
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Jesus, the mediator of His own
will after His death: Heb. 8:6; 9:15; 12:24.
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Mosaic Law: Book of the Covenant,
Ex. 24:7.
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Sabbath, a perpetual covenant;
Ex. 31:16.
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Covenant: A legal agreement between
King David and the people, 2 Sam. 5:3 and cp. 2 Ki. 11:17.
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A Covenant of Salt, 2 Chr. 13:5.
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Covenant of Day and Night, Jere.
33:20, 25.
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Cut the calf in two and covenants,
Jere. 34:18.
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Covenant, know God, never open
mouth anymore because of humiliation, Ezek. 17:62-63.
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Covenant of Levi corrupted, Mal.
2:8.
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Marriage, a covenant, Mal. 2:14.
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John the Baptist, messenger of
the New Covenant, Mal. 3:1.
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Compare keeping covenant and keeping
law, the minimum, 1 Ki. 9:1-9 and Dt. 31:20-21.
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